Warning

Seek urgent medical attention for all ingestions.

Description

Palm-like plants to 7m high with erect trunks and a crown of leathery leaves.

Both male and female plants occur. The cones are the reproductive parts of the plant.

The leaves are shiny dark green and have numerous strap-shaped leaflets that are distinguished by a prominent midrib while lacking any obvious secondary veins. Leaves measure 0.6-1.7m long, and leaflets 11-27cm long and 0.4-0.8cm wide.

Toxicity

  • Potentially toxic

  • Respitory irritant

Symptoms

If eaten, the raw fruit may cause headache and severe gastro-intestinal irritation including stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. In a very few severe cases, liver damage, coma and death have been reported. The male cone has a fruity odour when releasing pollen and this has been recorded as causing respiratory distress.

Images

Cycads trunk with fruit
Photo by Dr. Paul Forster
Cycads fruit and flowers
Photo by Dr. Paul Forster
Cycads fruit
Photo by Dr. Paul Forster

Details

Common name: Cycads

Botanical nameCycas species, most commonly Cycas revoluta, Cycas micronesica, Cycas megacarpa

Other common names: Tree zamia, Zamia palm, Sago palm

Family: Cycadaceae

General description: Palm-like plants to 7m high with erect trunks and a crown of leathery leaves. Both male and female plants occur.

Flowers: The cones are the reproductive parts of the plant.

Leaves: The leaves are shiny dark green and have numerous strap-shaped leaflets that are distinguished by a prominent midrib while lacking any obvious secondary veins. Leaves measure 0.6-1.7m long, and leaflets 11-27cm long and 0.4-0.8cm wide.

Fruit/Berries: The fruit are 2-3.5cm long and 1.5-2.5cm wide, bright orange to red or sometimes yellowish in colour, with a fleshy, soft seed coat.

Other: The sap is clear.