Warning

Seek urgent medical attention for all ingestions.

Description

Palm-like plants to 1m high with a crown of large leathery leaves.

The cones are the reproductive part of the plant.

The leaves are 50-80cm long and 30-40cm wide, with numerous leaflets that have no obvious midrib.

Toxicity

  • Potentially toxic

  • Respiratory irritant

Symptoms

If eaten, the raw fruit may cause headache and severe gastro-intestinal irritation including stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. In a very few severe cases, liver damage, coma and death have been reported. The male cone has a fruity odour when releasing pollen and this has been recorded as causing respiratory distress.

Images

Zamia cone
Photo by Dr. Paul Forster
Zamia plant
Photo by Dr. Paul Forster

Details

Common name: Zamia

Botanical nameMacrozamia species, most commonly M.miquelii, M.macleayi, M.lucida, M.communis

Other common names: Zamia palm, Wild pineapple

Family: Zamiaceae

General description: Palm-like plants to 1m high with a crown of large leathery leaves.

Flowers: The cones are the reproductive part of the plant.

Leaves: The leaves are 50-80cm long and 30-40cm wide, with numerous leaflets that have no obvious midrib.

Fruit/Berries: The fruiting cones are similar in appearance to an elongated pineapple, with large round to oblong seeds up to 4cm long and 2.5cm across, red, orange or yellow.

Other: The sap is clear.